Employment problems are the most rampant and common challenging issue affecting quite a good number of countries worldwide. More so in the developing countries and partly low in the third world countries. Due to this, a high number of workers are underemployed as well as being unemployed by government agencies, thus aiming at self-employment. Nonetheless, self-employment is faced with top capitation problems, including the acquisition of the government permits for a legal business transaction van (Kooy, and Bowman, 2019). Thus, a high number of citizens seeks alternatives, mainly through casual laboring, where the payment is just a mere small figure. This brings on a high number of citizens, particularly Australia living under the poverty line. This is due to their idea to seek employment on the already mining fields. The type of jobs found on these sites can thus be confirmed to be presented at the Precarious Work.
Precarious employment is the term which has been tasked to critique the globalization description on the non-standard type of jobs which are generally paid poorly, unsecured with any insurance policy, unprotected by any workers union thus failing o support the household demands and basic requirements (Mayhew, 2018). Therefore, the term precarious is often associated with part-time employment, fixed termly work, self-employment, telecommuting, and temporary work. Thus, the essay shall address the causes as well as the effects the precarious employment in the Australian land, based on the 21st century.
Causes of precarious employment
Precarious employment as a term can be denoted as having received a broader application for several decades. The argument has been based and discussed in various field of economics, sociology as well as political science. Thus, in terms of economic advancement, the name is more related and concerned on the health sector, more so concerning the position of women in the employment line up. Furthermore, the name has gained high popularity in the 21st century. This is seen through the published articles, where four items only were found online as the only published papers (Mayhew, 2018).
Considerably, precarious employment gained high interest, and from mid-1991 up to date, there are more than thirty already published articles. Moreover, there are several causes of dangerous work as dictated by the piece.
Lack of the Workers Union
In the first place, the nature of the conditions upon employment, which has thoroughly taken another direction from the middle 1970s. This includes the lack of more oriented union, which should take charge of various artistry roles and seek more lucrative offers for its citizens as a country. Moreover, the case has been catalyzed by the higher number of workers who require employment opportunities. Thus, the action brings it more robust since the Australian investors saw the presence of all the casual laborers as one of the threats to the permanent employees (Mayhew, 2018). Thus, the high numbers of the organizations fought for the abolishment of the casual laborers and limiting them, wherein return they fought to increase the services retrieved by the informal workers. The action is seen to bear fruits through the advancement as well as the inception of The Australian Council of the trade union, to cater for all the casual worker’s problem. Thus this is a sign that indicates the causes of these problems. They, therefore, had to launch the campaign on the enhancement of the job security for all workers regardless of their background.
Lack of Social Movements In Place
In the second place, there is what might be presented as the comparative lack of social movements, which in reality represents the growing number of the casuals. This indicates that the workers fail to enjoy the lucrative offers similar to their permanently employed colleagues. Therefore, as a truth of the matter, failure for this kind of employment to be supported by all stakeholders, gives the organization high chances of utilizing their presence in a more filthy subjective (Mayhew, 2018).
Lack of Permanent Employment
Moreover, the nature of the unemployment cases has led to the rise of precarious employment. In the past decades, the most current schedule of jobs was on a full-time basis, where one was subjected to secure the work as well as ensuring a good salary and the wages, including other motivational payments such as bonuses and tips. This has since ceased due to tot the emergence of the predominant structure on employment van (Kooy, and Bowman, 2019). This includes the evolution of temporary, part-time, and casual as types of unemployment. This is due to the tremendous increment of unemployment in Australia, where the number of graduates is low in comparison to the employment opportunities created annually.
Technological advancement through high innovations has also caused a hike on precarious employment. Technology, more so in the mining industries in Australia, has taken a new dimension. This includes the position of computing, where there is the presence of self-driven trucks, tasked with ferrying the raw materials from the mines to the industries. Thus, this is another issue steering on the rise of precarious employment.
The Overall Effects of Precarious Employment
The most disgusting sentiments upon the effects of precarious employment are the denotation of the studies which have consistently indicated that mental and adverse physical outcomes are linked to dangerous work. However, there are other effects as outlined and discussed in the essay.
Health and the Safety Risks
First, precarious employment is highly linked with health as well as safety risks. More so for the non-natives of Australia. The risk rises due to the lack of training and the experience required in the anticipated field. Additionally, lack of occupational health rights on the mines has led to the negativity of one’s safety rights as well as health. In some instances, where the foreigners are employed, face the risk of being back in their country with the high level of toxic in their body which affects their health (Borland, and Coelli, 2016).
Primary Catalyst of Stress and the Depression
Secondly, precarious employment poses a threat to issues related to depression. This is catalyzed by the stress caused by failure to secure a permanent job, more so the graduates who leave institutions with high expectations of getting high paying jobs (Landstedt et al., 2017). Also, the action is triggered by working overloading, which in return leads to mental anxiety, accompanied by long working hours and finally lack of the legal rights protections by the Australian government through the labor department.
Lack of Reliable Medical Attention
Third, the expectant women, who might be engaged in precarious employment, fail to receive the required medical care, which includes paid maternity leave and its allowances. Thus, with the insufficient time allocation, both mother and the infant might lack ample time upon the early developmental stages and the healing process of the woman. Additionally, due to the limited services offered to the woman, she might fail to access the best medical facilities as well as the prescribed drugs in case of any negative problem development in health (Landstedt et al., 2017).
Lack of Educational Upgrade
Last but not least, precarious employment does not give room for education upgrading. The employees are believed to have minimal chances and opportunities to go back to school and attain relevant skills. This is required in mining industries due to the technological advancement and the daily innovations being made on the technical side. Thus, to move with the current trend in the industrial world, the workers should at least attend workshops annually to be briefed with innovations. Moreover, with furthering their education, the workers are also in the position of securing jobs to other organizations which in return leads to the economic growth of both the company and Australia accordingly (Borland, and Coelli, 2016).
Conclusion
In a nutshell, the study has discussed all the causes and the effects of precarious employment in the industrialized Australian country. Thus, the report has indicated there is dire need of the Australian government to come up with collective measures set to aid with the issue of unemployment which is the key to all the effects and causes of the precarious employment. Moreover, the essay is more relevant to the various industries as well as the government departments dealing with labor problems, to aid in the alignment and presentation of functional outcomes in terms of offering reliable employment opportunities to the Australian citizens.
References
Borland, J., & Coelli, M., (2016). Labour market inequality in Australia. Economic Record, 92(299), 517-547.
Landstedt, E., Coffey, J., Wyn, J., Cuervo, H., & Woodman, D. (2017). The complicated relationship between mental health and social conditions in the lives of young Australians mixing work and study. Young, 25(4), 339-358.
Mayhew, C., (2018). Exploration of the links between workplace stress and precarious employment. Work Stress: Studies of the Context, Content, and Outcomes of Stress: A Book of Readings.
Van Kooy, J., & Bowman, D. (2019). ‘Surrounded with so much uncertainty’: asylum seekers and manufactured precarity in Australia. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(5), 693-710.